Many business legal documents include a section called “Representations and Warranties” or have the language “X represent and warrants” (to Y, the counterparty). But “represents” is different than “warrants”. It has a different legal effect.
“Representations” are the things that X said to Y to get Y to enter the contract. If a representation is untrue, and X knows it to be untrue, that is fraud. Specifically, fraud in the inducement, for which the equitable and legal remedies are rescission+restitution+consequential damages.
“Warranties” are things that X promises Y will be true in the future. If a warranted statement becomes untrue, that is a breach of contract, for which the legal remedy is expectation damages.
A lot of people seem to be confused by or ignore this distinction. It matters sometimes.
